Software as a Service (SaaS) services featuring software for analyzing patent disclosures and claims, patent validity, and patent infringement; Software as a service (SaaS) services, namely, hosting software for use by others for analyzing patent disclosures and claims, patent validity, and patent infringement; Platform as a Service (PaaS)featuring computer software platforms for patent management; Artificial intelligence as a service (AIaaS) services featuring software using artificial intelligence (AI) for analyzing patent disclosures and claims, patent validity, and patent infringement; Technological research in the field of analyzing patent portfolios, creating risk-benefit analyses regarding patent portfolios, and customizing patent evaluations