Diagnostic apparatus for the detection of pathogens for laboratory or research use; Laboratory instrument for the detection of pathogens and toxins in a biological sample for research use; Medical laboratory research instruments for detection of pathogen from biological sample; Medical laboratory research instruments for detecting pathogens in the nature of a foldable mail-piece which can be mailed; Medical laboratory research instruments for detecting pathogens in the nature of an outer encasement of portable pathogen detection elements which may resemble an envelope; Medical laboratory research instruments for detecting pathogens in the nature of a nanostructure device which collects a biological sample securing the virus particle or pathogen electrostatically, or by means of an electrostatic charge to adsorb virus-based particle to the surface of the nano-material, nano-fibre, nano-structure, which has a well-like depression cavity pore-size which aligns with the size of the pathogen to be contained; Medical laboratory research instruments in the nature of a nanostructure which is used in the process of either trapping, analyzing, or providing results pertaining to the presence of a pathogen, for example, a virus-based particle; Medical laboratory research instruments for revealing the presence of a pathogen by use of a spectrum of light, such as ultraviolet, to excite or trigger the florescence or phosphorescence of a pathogen; Medical laboratory research instruments for detecting pathogens or a virus-based particle; Medical laboratory research instruments for detection and identification of pathogens in the nature of a device using light sources, and/or light detectors and/or light in the process of detecting pathogens