Filter apparatus and installations, namely, filter modules comprised of filters in plastic housings for use as water filters, chemical filters, and filters for biopharmaceutical liquids, [ filter holders comprised of stainless steel frames for holding an array of filter modules in connection with one another for water filters, chemical filters and filters for biopharmaceutical liquids, filter membranes for use in membrane filter cartridges for the separation of biomolecules in biopharmaceutical production, absorbers, ] all together comprising cartridges for use medicine, biology, the food and drinks industry, biotechnology, the pharmaceutical industry, the cosmetic industry, the chemical industry, genetic engineering, environmental engineering, and the treating and analyzing of waste water [ ; water deionizers, de-pyrogenizing equipment for heating solutions sufficiently to remove harmful substances from fluids; fluid separation apparatus for removing solids and biomolecules from fluids; bioreactors for developing and analyzing reactions in chemicals, pharmaceuticals, biopharmaceuticals, and fluid mixtures and solutions; fermenters, namely, perfusion fermenters, continuous-flow fermenters, batch fermenters, fed-batch fermenters for cell cultivation, microbial fermentation and the manufacture of biopharmaceutical products; system for chilling biopharmaceutical materials comprised of containers with automatic temperature regulators; temperature controlled or refrigerated storage facilities for disposable containers used with chilling pharmaceutical materials; refrigerators ]