Medical and surgical apparatus, equipment, devices and instruments for imaging, monitoring and/or measuring physical characteristics of a vessel, cavity, lumen, vagina, uterus, esophagus, sphincter, esophageal sphincter, cervix and/or an organ of a human or animal subject; apparatus, equipment, devices and instruments for treating, dilating, ablating and/or removing an occlusion in a vessel, cavity, lumen, vagina, uterus, esophagus, sphincter, esophageal sphincter, cervix and/or an organ of a human or animal subject; apparatus, equipment, devices and instruments for use in Heller Myotomy surgery, gastric banding surgery, bariatric surgery, and other gastrointestinal surgery and procedures; apparatus, equipment, devices and instruments for use in the diagnosis of diseases, damage and/or failure of hollow body organs and sphincters; apparatus, equipment, devices and instruments for sensitivity testing and bimodal sensitivity testing of the oesophagus and other lumens and organs of a human or animal subject; catheters; measuring catheters; balloon catheters; measuring balloon catheters; protective sheaths for catheters, balloon catheters and measuring balloon catheters; apparatus, equipment, devices and instruments for use in monitoring and control of glucose to a human or animal subject, namely, blood glucose meters, blood testing apparatus, devices for monitoring blood glucose for medical purposes, devices for measuring blood sugar, devices for measuring haemoglobin for medical purposes and devices for monitoring haemoglobin levels for medical purposes; apparatus, equipment, devices and instruments for monitoring and controlling diabetes, namely, diabetic diagnostic medical devices and medical test kits for diabetes monitoring