Electronic, electro technical and electromagnetic modules; data processing equipment, namely, data processors for scanning, reading, storing and interpreting electronic data contained on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and NFC (Near Field Communications) chips and tags; microprocessors; interfaces for computers; integrated circuits (ICs), semiconductor chips; chips for use in integrated circuits; semiconductors; encoded smart cards containing programming used for security purposes for identification, for logistic control, for automatic billing and automated conducting of financial transactions, for detecting counterfeit products and for access control; RFID (radio frequency identification) chips and tags; computer hardware and software for creating, programming, controlling, encoding, scanning, reading and interpreting RFID (radio frequency identification) chips and tags; smart card integrated circuits; contactless encoded smart cards containing programming used for security purposes for identification, for logistic control, for automatic billing and automated conducting of financial transactions, for detecting counterfeit products and for access control; dual interface encoded smart cards containing programming used for security purposes for identification, for logistic control, for automatic billing and automated conducting of financial transactions, for detecting counterfeit products and for access control; [dual interface integrated circuits (IC's) that provide a link between contactless cards and contact cards;] electronic apparatus, namely, chip card readers and chip card writers for writing and reading of wireless transmission to and from transponder chips; computer programs for controlling transmission of data to and reading of data from transponder chips; data processing machines for fare determination using transponder chips; all of the aforementioned products to be used for electronic ticketing in public transport, road tolling, electronic airline ticketing and access control to buildings