Semiconductors; semiconductor chips; transponders; transponder chips; communication systems, namely communication hubs; transponder communication systems, namely transponder communication hubs; radio tracking devices; electronic inventory control devices; electronic identification devices; telecommunication and radio transmitters; telecommunication and radio receivers; radiotelephony transmitters and receivers; miniature microwave components, namely antennas; monolithic integrated circuits; radios; integrated circuits; blank integrated circuit cards; computer software for programming transponders; data compression software for use in transponders; transmission software for use in transponders; decoder software for use in transponders; downloadable software for use in transponders; global positioning systems; software for the operational management of portable magnetic and electronic cards; software programmable microprocessors; theft alarms; Vehicle locating, tracking and security system comprised of an antenna and radio transmitter to be placed in a vehicle; Encoded micro particulates, tags and taggants of plastic, metal or silicate for use in the field of passive labeling, tracing or tracking of persons, animals, vehicles or goods of any kind; antennas; apparatus for transmitting radio programmes and radio relay messages; devices for wireless radio transmission; electronic readers/recorders for medical patient identification bands; radio frequency identification tags; sensors for the determination of temperatures, positions and distances; sensor cards for the determination of temperatures, positions and distances