Medical diagnostic and therapeutic preparations for clinical use, all for administration via diverse routes of administration including through the respiratory airways, and, medical devices for administering the pharmaceuticals, sold as a kit, namely inhalers; medical preparations namely nucleotides, proteins and organic molecules for medical use, including macromolecules such as anti-sense oligonucleotides and enzymes and small and inorganic molecules for treatment of human and non-human animal respiratory, central nervous system, neoplastic, endocrine, immune and cardiovascular ailments, including bronchoconstriction, difficult breathing, impeded and obstructed lung airways, allergy(ies) and/or inflammation, which in some cases are adenosine receptor associated symptoms; pharmaceutical preparations for testing, and preventing and therapeutically treating respiratory, airway and pulmonary diseases and conditions, such as asthma, pulmonary vasconconstriction, inflammation, allergies, impeded respiration, acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS), renal damage and failure, ischemia resulting from the administration of certain drugs, including adenosine and other drugs for, for example, treating supra ventricular tachycardia (SVT), adenosine stress tests, infantile respiratory distress syndrome (infantile RDS), pain, cystic fibrosis, allergic rhinitis, allergic bronchitis, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary vasconcontriction, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as well as cancers including leukemias, lymphomas, carcinomas, and the like, eg colon cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, kidney cancer, melanoma, etc, as well as metastatic cancers, eg, cancers which metastasized to the lung(s), breast, liver and prostate