Electronic Video, audio and image signal processing apparatus, namely, signal testers, monitors, converters, processors, encoders, decoders, signal generators, analyzers, video tape players, screen optimizers, noise reducers, switchers, routers, correctors, synchronizers, amplifiers, serializers and deserializers, digital video effects processors; electronic apparatus for use in the capture, production, post-production, conversion, recording, retrieval, distribution, playout and broadcast of television material, namely, antennas, transmitters, encoders, decoders, receivers, amplifiers, converters, monitors, modulators and demodulators, mixers, equalizers, signal generators, synchronizers, time-based correctors, color correctors, noise reducers, test pattern generators, electronic signal compression apparatus, oscillators and filters; electronic video communications apparatus, namely, video signal processors, video processors, video recorders, and video reproduction equipment, namely, video cameras, televisions, and video monitors; electronic audio and video apparatus for domestic use, namely, television receivers, televisions, video monitors, video players, video displays, video display optimisers, DVD players and CD players; electronic display processing apparatus, namely, video signal converters for the purposes of display in a television; software for the purpose of converting video signals to display in a television; television standards converters; electronic apparatus for the transfer of film material to video; electronic apparatus and software for use in film post production; electronic apparatus and software for the generation, storage, modification and playing of test patterns and test signals, amplifiers, buffers, distributors, routers, switchers, mixers, serializers, deserializers, analyzers, monitors, standards converters, up-converters, down-converters, cross-converters, aspect-ratio-converters, editors, converters, time base correctors, synchronizers, color encoders, color decoders, color correctors, translators, pre-processors, post-processors, multiplexes, de-multiplexers, electronic apparatus for storing picture, video or audio information, audio inserters, audio extractors, recorders and noise reducers, all for use with video, picture or audio signals, whether compressed, partially compressed or uncompressed; electronic apparatus and software for compression encoding, compression decoding, transcoding, partial encoding or partial decoding of picture, video or audio signals; electronic apparatus and software for the generation of digital effects in film or video; electronic apparatus and software for use in the removal of artefacts from film or video; electronic apparatus for the restoration of film and video archives and for the management and retrieval of film and video archives; computer operating software, and tapes and discs featuring computer operating software, all for use in operating and controlling the functions of electronic video, audio and image signal processing apparatus; integrated circuits, circuit boards, and electronic sub-assemblies for use with the foregoing apparatus