Surgical apparatus and instruments for use in general surgery, surgical apparatus and instruments for use in orthopedic surgery, surgical apparatus and instruments for use in [ ophthalmic surgery, surgical apparatus and instruments for use in ] spinal surgery, [ scalpels, electric scalpels, knives for surgical purposes, drainage appliances for surgical procedures, dressing forceps, ] drilling jigs for surgical [ and dental ] applications, [ lasers for surgical and medical use, mirrors, ] surgical clips, [ surgical compresses, ] orthopedic fixation devices used in orthopedic transplant and orthopedic surgery, medical and surgical catheters, medical and surgical laparoscopes, vertebral osteosynthesis staple-shaped apparatus and instruments, devices used in orthopedic surgery to position surgical instruments, implants and patients' limbs, [ medical device and surgical instruments for use in diagnosis and surgery of the gastrointestinal tract, ] surgical devices that facilitate the identification, separation or ablation of biological tissues, robotic arms for surgical purposes, surgical or orthopedic splints, [ surgical amputators, ] surgical and medical implant devices composed of artificial materials, namely, vertebral staple-shaped implants; medical apparatus and instruments for, use in orthopedic surgery; [ dental apparatus and instruments, namely, surgical apparatus and instruments for medical, dental or veterinary use, dental drills, dental picks, dental mirrors, crown and bridge removers, x-ray apparatus for dental imaging; veterinary apparatus and instruments, namely, surgical apparatus and instruments for medical, dental or veterinary use, castrating apparatus; artificial limbs, eyes and teeth; orthopaedic articles, namely, supports, braces, belts, support bandages, orthopedic cushions; suture materials; ] surgical implants comprising artificial material; spinal column implants composed of artificial material; vertebrae replacements, namely, artificial prosthetic and filling material for use in the replacement of bone; spinal disc replacements, namely, artificial prosthetic and filling material for use in the replacement of bone; orthopedic implants, namely, pedicle screws [ ; furniture especially made for medical purposes, namely, air mattresses, hospital beds, for use by burn patients, dental chairs, medical patient treatment chairs; orthopaedic support bandages; sphygmomanometers; hearing aids; physical exercise apparatus, for medical purposes, namely, exercise machines for therapeutic purposes; electric heating pads for medical purposes; equipment for artificial respiration, namely, respirators, respiratory masks for medical purposes, and respiration monitors; pumps for medical purposes, namely, blood pumps, stomach pumps, MR/CT injection pumps for the application of fluids for magnetic resonance imaging and computer tomography for medical use; dialysis apparatus, namely, dialysis machines; diagnostic apparatus for medical purposes, namely, electromagnetic medical diagnostic imaging apparatus, MRI diagnostic apparatus, ultrasonic medical diagnostic apparatus and x-ray diagnostic apparatus; infusion devices, namely, medical infusion pumps for dispensing medication; tourniquets ]